Philosophical Parallels in Platos Meno and the 1855 Leaves of Grass - Literature Essay Samples

There are several parallels between the ideas presented in the Socratic dialogue Meno by Plato and the ideas suggested by Walt Whitmans poetry in the first edition of his work Leaves of Grass. Though the Meno is presented as a work of philosophy, and the 1855 edition Leaves of Grass (Leaves) is a work of poetry, the ideas presented within each have certain commonalities with the other. Gay Wilson Allen has characterized Leaves as a program poem (Allen 120), meaning that the poet had a set of ideas to communicate. Though Allen quotes Whitman as saying that the poems were written out of unconscious or mostly unconscious intentions , the poet was also not aiming at art or aestheticism (120) either, so the ideas presented within the poems may be analyzed in a light not only poetic, but philosophical.In the Socratic dialogues, a central thought that Plato puts forth is rather abstract, called in Greek anamnesis (Silverman, bibliography). It is the recollection of knowledge from some source other than what can be learned in this life. It is, essentially, an assertion that earthly knowledge has an unearthly, other-worldly, or, at least, immaterial source. Plato recounts that Socrates first and most cogently explains this in the dialogue called Meno, named for the prominent Thessalian to whom Socrates addresses most of his arguments. The topic of this dialogue was originally virtue, but through the process of elimination the speakers have agreed that virtue is a kind of knowledge or wisdom. The question which remains, however, is how that knowledge or wisdom can be obtained. Socrates and his companions agree that virtue will be acquired neither by nature nor by teaching. Whoever has it gets it by divine dispensation without taking thought, (Hamilton, Cairns, 383). Another question is how is this divine dispensation obtained? This leads to a central philosophical thought that Plato and Whitman share; namely reincarnation. Socrates has stated his belief in reincarnation earlier in the Meno, referring to a slave boy who has happened upon some principles of geometry, not by being taught it, but has been led to it by careful questioning by Socrates. Either then he has at some time acquired the knowledge which he now has, or he has always possessed it. If he always possessed it, he must always have known; if on the other hand he acquired it at some previous time, it cannot have been in this life, (370)This idea recurs throughout the 1855 Leaves of Grass. Whitman refers to reincarnation more or less obliquely several times, but he states it bluntly in the Song of Myself section. And as to you, life, I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths,/No doubt I have died myself ten thousand times before(The Library of America 86). At the very end of Song of Myself, the poet proclaims If you want me again look for me under your bootsoles (88). At the end of The Sleepers, when the poet has flown all through the night and the day, using the day and the night as metaphors for death and for life, he says I will duly pass the day O my mother and duly return to you;/Not you will yield forth the dawn again more surely than you will yield forth me again,/ Not the womb yields the babe in its time more surely than I shall be yielded from you in my time (117). But how does this link up with the idea of Socrates that, during death (or, by the same token, before birth) the soul of the human being has communion with all true knowledge, and therefore needs only to recollect it during his or her lifetime?The answer lies in how Whitman believed somewhat in Transcendentalism. Allen explains, the message he is trying to convey by the arrangement of his poems and his group titles is that all physical life rests on an unseen but strongly felt spiritual world (a major doctrine of the American Transcendentalists), (69). Since there is reincarnation of souls, and a strongly felt and influential spiritual world, could not all knowledge , or at least some knowledge and intuition, be gained in that passage between life and death?Whitman talks of transcendental experiences in life, where he accesses some special knowledge or wisdom. This is a Platonic idea, that wisdom is elicited by experience, although not directly derived from experience (Russell 136) This is the wisdom or knowledge that Whitman is gaining by having experiences with the transcendent, not necessarily with the interaction with the world itself. It may be prompted by the world, but Whitman shows that the world is what draws him into this transcendent experience, not that what he learns is from the actual material world.While Whitman is definitely in love with experiences of the material world, he appears to suggest that these experiences and the reasoning of the world are not what wisdom is. Rather, they are the clues of wisdom, something Plato would call it recollection (Hamilton, Cairns 370). Through a kind of memory of the crucifixion of Chr ist (though he does not state Jesus name) Whitman shows that not only will he be reincarnated in the future, but that he has been others in the past. That I could look with a separate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!I remember.I resume the overstaid fraction,The grave of rock multiplies what has been confided to it or to any graves,The corpses rise.the gashes heal.the fastenings roll away.I troop forward with replenished power, one of an average unending procession (71)Whitman has started this saying that he had been stunned (70). This experience, or flashback, to a previous life, has left him with replenished power. We are to assume that this is some kind of a transcendental or mystical experience, in which Whitman remembers a past life, or perhaps someone elses past life. Is this the same as Socrates assertion that true knowledge or wisdom is gained outside of life, and only remembered in it? Its not as clear in Whitman, but he does suggest transcendent wisdom prompted by sensory experience Swift wind! Space! My Soul! Now I know it is true what I guessed at; What I guessed when I loafed on the grass, What I guessed while I lay alone in my bed.and again as I walked the beach under the paling stars of the morning. (59)This problem of the source of knowledge Whitman addresses near the end of Song of Myself. It is time to explain myselflet us stand up./ What is known I strip away.I launch all men and women forward with me into the unknown./The clock indicates the momentbut what does eternity indicate? (79), but then he addresses the question of knowledge gained in the after- or pre-life more directly.Afar down I see the huge first Nothing, the vapor from the nostrils of death,I know I was even there.I waited unseen and always,And slept while God carried me through the lethargic mist,And took my time.and took no hurt from the foetid carbon.Long I was hugged close.long and longImmense have been the preparations for me,Faithful and friendly t he arms that have helped me (80)Here, Whitman is describing the time before his birth, perhaps after his previous lifes death. He is describing a time when he slept and All forces have been steadily employed to complete and delight me (80). This is similar to the slaves at auction sequence (123-124), when the poet maintains that the globe lay preparing for quintillions of years to create this man or this woman. His idea of the universe having a will does not include the universe imparting that knowledge to him, either during this life or between lives, however. The most Whitman will say is Pleasantly and well suited I walk,/Whither I walk I cannot define, but I know it is good,/The whole universe indicates that it is good. (106). Whitman does not, it appears, at least in the 1855 Leaves of Grass, agree with Plato that all knowledge is gained in the state between life and death, and remembered during life. The most Whitman will commit to is the possession of a kind of transcend ent knowledge, gained from the universe, and obtained by being prompted by the material world into a state where that knowledge can be gained. This is an important distinction between the two belief systems. Whitman may claim to possess the origin of all poems (28), implying that he has some universal and important knowledge, but he does not tell us from where this knowledge came. Nor will he explain how it is derived exactly, simply that Nature is the vehicle for the knowledge. The most he will say is that You shall listen to all sides and filter them from yourself (28)In fact, in an interesting parallel between the Meno and Leaves of Grass, both Socrates and Whitman address children and discuss the nature of knowledge. The parable of the slave boy is presented as proof of Socrates argument of anamnesis, by the slaves new understanding of geometric truths through being questioned, rather than by being taught (described above). The child and the grass sequence in Whitmans poe m, (A child said, What is the grass? Fetching it to me with full hands;/ How could I answer the child?.I do not know what it is any more than he. (31)) shows Whitmans unwillingness to pin knowledge down, and illustrates a main difference between Plato and Whitman. Both share the idea of an important spiritual world and recurrence of multiple lives for each soul. Plato and Whitman might have had similar cosmic worldviews, but epistemologically they were very different. Though Plato and Whitman agree that the soul must be immortal (Hamilton, Cairns 371) and Is it wonderful that I should be immortal? As everyone is immortal (The Library of America 141), they do not agree on what happens during the time between life and death. Neither do they agree on how, or if, knowledge is gained or lost during that time.There are several other, less central ideas that recur in both the Meno and in Leaves of Grass. One is the interesting verbal recurrence of virtue and manly. Manly occurs six t imes in the 1855 Leaves of Grass, including the preface. It is usually, interestingly, in conjunction with a description of something good or virtuous. The root of the word virtue is the Latin vir, meaning man (Skeat 546). The word came into the English language specifically describing manly things, which was an accepted explanation of virtue at the time. To adhere to the qualities of manliness was to have vir-tue, and be virtuous. (Note, however, in the text of Plato, the Greek word for virtue is of a completely different origin.)The whole of the Meno is concerned with defining virtue. Socrates even goes so far to explain that different types of virtue are better in men rather than women. the virtue of a man consists in managing the citys affairs capably, and so that he will help his friends and injure his foes while taking care to come to no harm himself. Or if you want a womans virtue, that is easily described. She must be a good housewife, careful with her stores and ob edient to her husband (Hamilton, Cairns, 355). How does Whitman address the different types of male and female virtues? Whitman does take the time, like Socrates, to describe the differences in virtue between men and women. In I Sing the Body Electric Whitman mentions several times different things he admires in men and women.The male is not less the soul, nor more . . . . he too is in his place, He too is all qualities . . . . he is action and power . . . . the flush of the known universe is in him, Scorn becomes him well and appetite and defiance become him well, The fiercest largest passions . . bliss that is utmost and sorrow that is utmost become him well . . . . pride is for him, The fullspread pride of man is calming and excellent to the soul; Knowledge becomes him . . . . he likes it always . . . . he brings everything to the test of himself, (122)The active, powerful, and aggressive virtues are becoming to the male. Even scorn, a usually negative word, is considered a v irtue. Contrast this with the female who also contains all qualities but tempers them (121). The adjectives he uses to describe the female are in direct opposition to those of the male. Socrates and Whitman agree, largely, on the difference in virtues desirable in male and female.When Whitman first uses the word virtuous in Leaves, it is in describing a young man, whom he loves, but who is not virtuous in the traditional sense of the word. The boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power but in his own right, Wicked, rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear,Fond of his sweetheart, relishing well his steak,Unrequited love or a slight cutting him worse than a wound cuts,First rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bulls eye, to sail a skiff, to sing a song or play on the banjo (The Library of America 83)If this passage is analyzed and compared to Socrates comparison of sex-specific virtues above, some of the same manly virtues of Socrates are mentioned within th e description of this boy, also. Whitmans boy-man is somewhat bellicose, as Socrates describes his virtuous man, and both men have the ability and propensity to protect themselves from the slights of other men. This defense against other men seems to be an important part of masculinity for both Socrates and Whitman. In addition, self-determination, or self-reliance, appears as a virtue for both Socrates and Whitman. Whitmans boy becomes a man not though derived power but in his own right. Socrates virtuous man manages city affairs, and, importantly, helps friends and injures foes and defends himself. Self sufficiency is an agreed-upon masculine virtue for both Plato and Whitman.The next time Whitman uses virtuous, however, he is using a poetic conceit. In A Song for Occupations (89) he is comparing the efficacy of the message of his poetry to the works of a head teacher or charitable proprietor. Were I to you as the boss employing and paying you, would that satisfy you?/ Th e learned and virtuous and benevolent, and the usual terms;/A man like me, and never the usual terms. He is asking his readers what they are trying to get out of him. He is not asking for the readers to gain educations practical and ornamental, but rather to take him as they find him. He is telling his readers that he will be even with them. He is contrasting himself with the virtuous here. He is just a man, and not the usual kind, making his poetry for people to read. He is not holding himself up as virtuous, as a schoolteacher coming to a new town might hope to be described. In both instances in the 1855 Leaves Whitman has referred to virtuousness (which has a slightly different connotation than virtue, which he mentions briefly in Song of Myself in conjunction with evil) in a negative light. Like Socrates in the Meno, Whitman offers no set definition for virtue. He only tells us what it is not, or gives us examples of not being virtuous. This is very much like the argum ents about virtue in the Meno. The group, (Socrates, Meno, and Anytus) have finally, through many arguments about the definition of virtue, decided, While the nature of virtue as a whole is still under question, dont suppose that you can explain it to anyone in terms of its part, or by any similar type of explanation; you say this and that about virtue, but what is it? There is no definition of virtue in the Meno. Both Socrates and Whitman seem able to recognize it, such as when Whitman says that the universe says it is good, but they cannot, and do not attempt to exactly describe virtue. Manliness, as related to virtue and separate from it, shows up more often in the 1855 Leaves than virtue does. Whitman mentions the word manly four times in the poetic text, and three out of the four times it is referring to something good. While manly has a generally good connotation in English, it appears that for Whitman is it a far easier quality to admire than the vague idea of virtue. The fact that the words have similar root meanings may have significance to Whitman, and he applies the word manly in constructions where the word virtue or virtuous could well suffice. In Song of Myself he describes the manly wheat as something he could worship (51). In this section, it is clear that strong and healthy things of nature are to be revered for Whitman, but also things with masculinity, both in a general and a sexually referential way, are to be admired. Similarly, in a Song for Occupations Whitman admires the manly exercises (97). At the end of Song of the Answerer Whitman asks You think it would be good to be the writer of melodious verses,Well it would be good to be the writer of melodious verses;But what are verses beyond the flowing character you could have?.or beyond beautiful manners and behaviour?Or beyond one manly or affection deed of an apprenticeboy?..or and old woman? Or man that has been in prison or is likely to be in prison (132)Here Whitman is us ing the adjective manly to refer to the importance of what he would term the good deed (could it be a virtuous deed?) of an apprenticeboy. In it he includes an old woman being capable of manly acts. Manly is, to Whitman, a term not only applicable to men. Finally, in There Was a Child Went Forth, Whitman describes a domestic scene, and includes the only negative mention of manly in the poem. It is to be assumed that this family scene is describing, at least in part, the poets own family. The mother at home quietly placing the dishes on the supper table, The mother with mild words . . . . clean her cap and gown . . . . a wholesome odor falling off her person and clothes as she walks by: The father, strong, selfsufficient, manly, mean, angered, unjust, The blow, the quick loud word, the tight bargain, the crafty lure, (139)Whitman is describing, perhaps in a remembrance of his own father, an instance of the negative aspects possible within the state of manliness. He implies by the juxtaposition of the words (strong, selfsufficient, two alliterative words with positive connotations, then manly, mean another alliteration both with negative connotations, and the line rounded out with the almost-assonance of angered, unjust, also with negative connotations) the limitations of manliness. He puts the father, whom the reader may imagine sitting sourly at the table, in direct contrast with the mild mother, performing a graceful household chore, and it becomes apparent that, though the poet has earlier admired manliness, it is not always considered a faultlessly positive attribute to the poet.The Meno, a very famous and widely read work of philosophy, was possibly read by Whitman and referred to in his poetry. While there are similarities between the two works, it appears that the outgrowth of the ideas in it, begun twenty-three hundred years before Whitman wrote, were expanded and had variations made on them by him. This is in no doubt due to Whitmans belie f in Transcendentalism, which shares some ideas with Platonism.The two writers, Plato and Whitman, would have agreed on reincarnation, the importance of the spiritual world, the immortality of the soul, and the practice, if not the nature, of virtue. However, Whitman has less precision in expressing his ideas, as is proper in the work of a poet rather than a philosopher, and his ideas have many more possible meanings than those set forth in the Meno. Works CitedAllen, G. W. 1997. A Readers Guide to Walt Whitman. New York: Syracuse University Press. Hamilton, E., Cairns, H. (Eds.). 1961. The Collected Dialogues of Plato. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Perseus Project. (06, September 20). Meno 70a. Retrieved September 20, 2006, from Perseus Digital Library Project. Ed. Gregory R. Crane. Updated daily. Tufts University. Web Site: .Russell, B. 1946. History of Western Philosophy (2nd ed., Rev. 1961). London: The Folio Society. Silverman, A. 2003, June 9. Plato s Middle Period Metaphysics and Epistemology. Retrieved September 19, 2006, from The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2003 edition) Web Site: http://://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2003/entries/plato-metaphysics/>Skeat, W. W. (1993). The Concise Dictionary of English Etymology. Ware, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom: Wordsworth Editions Ltd. The Library Of America (Ed.). 1996. Whitman: Poetry and Prose. New York: Literary Classics of the United States.

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The Relationship between the Colonel and Sabas in No One...

Our first encounter with Sabas is at the funeral of the musician that had died a natural death which was not common in that area. At this point there is no sign of Sabas’ wealth or his impertinence. In this section of the novel we are told that Sabas is the Godfather of the colonel’s son who is no more. â€Å"It was Sabas, the godfather of his dead son, the only leader of his party who had escaped political persecution and had continued to live in the town† [p.7]. In quote, Gabriel gives us some background information on Sabas’ professional life and states that he is a failed politician. At this point the reader gets an idea of his personality considering the fact that Sabas had escaped the criminal prosecution that he was charged with. Later†¦show more content†¦However, coming back to the relationship of these two characters, Gabriel somewhat shows Sabas’ nature towards the colonel. â€Å"Have the doctor take a look at you my friend† [p.38]. Sabas had been noticing that the colonel had been acting strange ever since the funeral took place. Concerning the colonel’s health, Sabas tries to get him to seek help and guidance. Is this concern genuine or is he showing an artificial affection? It is not exactly clear. An important part of the novel where we see Sabas’ devious character is when he shouts at his wife without much of a reason. â€Å"Close your mouth for a minute, he ordered his wife†¦You’ve been bothering my friend for half an hour with your foolishness† [p.40]. Anyone would know that it is not right talking to a woman like that especially in front of a guest. I don’t think that the colonel would have been impressed with this behavior of Sabas. On page 46, we are informed, indirectly, about the affluence of Sabas through the following quotes. â€Å"But he is Dying of diabetes†¦the best cure for diabetes is poverty† [p.46]. These quotes were taken from the discussion between the colonel and the doctor. Saying that the best cure for diabetes is poverty only states that Sabas had been living a wealthy lifestyle eating and drinking whatever he wanted to. Another example of Sabas’ greediness is when he offers the colonel 400 pesos instead of what he promised which was 900 pesos. This may not seem like a lot of money butShow MoreRelated Honor in No One Writes to the Colonel and Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Garcia-Marquez1616 Words   |  7 PagesHonor in No One Writes to the Colonel and Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Garcia-Marquez Every culture in the world has its own unique set of values that they adhere to in life. The most important value to people is their honor. Honor is a very important factor in a person life that they will stop at nothing to make sure it is not lost. This endless pursuit of keeping honor can causes both positive and negative effects to a society. The reason honor is a main driving force in a persons

Business Statistics Employee Customer Chain

Question: Describe about the Business Statistics for Employee Customer Chain. Answer: Section 1: Introduction: The dataset in this assignment consists of the data about the survey in a gym. The gym mentioned in this report has proposed a change. The reaction of the customers regarding the change is to be analyzed in this report. The opinion about the change proposed in the gym many vary according o the customers. The change that is being proposed may work well for one group of customer while the change may not be liked by the other group. For example, the female group may be attracted by a discount offered in the gym while the discount may not work well for the male customers. In this dataset, the information about the type of exercise performed, the height, weight, physical fitness of the customers is being obtained. The data has been analyzed using various statistical techniques. The change that is to be proposed has to be determined on the basis of the results of data analysis. A survey has been conducted among the customers to know whether the customers are in favor of the proposed change or not. The data has been analyzed using various techniques such as testing of hypothesis and confidence intervals. The report will give an idea about the success of the proposed change. Section 2: According to Wu Shih (2014), the customer loyalty is a very important factor in the function of a gym. The customer loyalty is driven by many factors such as the quality of service, machineries in the gym and others. According to Makover (2016), a study has been conducted to know about the factors affecting customer satisfaction in the gym. The study has been conducted among the fitness clubs located in South Florida. The customer satisfaction that is customer loyalty, brand loyalty and others are driven by thee service and quality provided in the fitness centers. Therefore, it is recommended that the customer satisfaction should be ensured in a gym to improve the business of the gym. Section 3: The customer satisfaction can be ensured with the help of the service provided in the gym. The service provided in the gym can be explored with the help of the change in the body mass index of the customers and the number of minutes spent in the weighing exercise. The following scatter diagram has been obtained for the two variables. Figure: Scatter diagram Source: Created by author The scatter diagram given above has been obtained by plotting the time spent by the customers in a weighing machine and the body mass index of the customers. The body mass index of the customer is a measurement of body fitness. The body mass index is measured by the weight of the person divided by the height of the person. The regular exercise is expected to reduce the Body mass index of the people. Therefore, the Body mass index is expected to have a negative relationship with the time spent in weighing machine. The co efficient of regression analysis will help to know about the relationship between the two variables. The regression line obtained in this case is: y = -1.106*x + 48.84 +e. The value of the regression co efficient obtained is -1.106. Therefore, it can be said that the model is not very good fitted. However, the model shows that there is a negative relationship between the body mass index and the time spent on weighing machine. A regression analysis has been conducted taking the B.MI as the dependent variable and the time spent on weighing machine as the independent variable. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.191417 R Square 0.03664 Adjusted R Square 0.02681 Standard Error 2.816598 Observations 100 Table 1: Adjusted R-squared values of regression analysis (Source: Created by author) ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 29.56975 29.56975 3.727329 0.056419 Residual 98 777.4562 7.933226 Total 99 807.0259 Table 2: ANOVA of regression analysis (Source: Created by author) Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 26.68483 0.444478 60.03638 4.22E-79 25.80278 27.56689 25.80278 27.56689 Q12: Minutes on weight machine. -0.03311 0.017149 -1.93063 0.056419 -0.06714 0.000923 -0.06714 0.000923 Table 3: Regression analysis of B. M. I and time spent on weighing machine (Source: Created by author) The results of regression analysis show that the time spent on weighing machine has an inverse relation with the B.M.I. A test has been conducted to know whether the regression co efficient is significantly different from zero or not. The single sample t-test has been conducted for the purpose. The objective of the test is to see if the regression co efficient is significantly different from zero or not. The p-value of the test obtained is more than 0.05 for the slope. Therefore, the regression co efficient has a significant effect on the dependent variable. The regression co efficient is significantly different from zero. Therefore, one can say that as the value of B. M. I increases, the value of time spent in weighing machine decreases. There is an inverse relation between the two. The mean and variance of the two variables are given in the following table: MEASURES B . M. I Q12: Minutes on weight machine. MEAN 26.021 20.05 STANDATD DEVIATION 2.855132 16.50673 Table 4: Mean and variance of B. M. I and time spent on weighing machine (Source: Created by author) Section 4: Managerial advice: The quality of weighing exercise in the gym is very poor. The results of regression analysis show that. It has been pointed out that customer satisfaction is one of the main reasons driving the change in the business of the gym. The condition of physical exercise needs to be improved. The gym can employ better trainer to bring about the proposed change. The efficient trainer can bring about betterment of physical exercise in the gym. Section 5: A survey has been conducted among the gym customers to know about the proportion of people who are in favor of the proposed change. The survey has been conducted by taking a sample of one thousand customers. The survey has been conducted by taking the help of sampling method. The aim of doing so is to save the time and labor in conducting the study. The customers were asked if they liked the proposed change or not. It has been found that out of a total of one thousand customers, a total of 892 customers are in favor of the proposed change. This means that majority of the customers likes the proposed change. A t-test has been conducted to see if the number of people who are in support of the change is greater than .5 or not. The null hypothesis of the test is H0: p= 0.5 and the alternative hypothesis is H1: p 0.5. The term p denotes the proportion of people who are in favor of the change. The alternative hypothesis indicates that the proportion of people can be greater than or less t han 0.5. The value of the proportion has been calculated to be 0.892 which is much greater than 0.5. The test statistic is : t = (p 0.5)/S.E(p) The term S.E (p) denotes the standard error of the proportion. The formula for the calculation of standard error is: E (p) = sqrt(p(1-p)/n). The value of standard error that has been calculated on the basis of the given sample is 0.31038. The value of the test statistic is 1.2629. The test statistic is said to follow a standard normal distribution as the value of the sample is very large. The value of the t statistic has been calculated to be 1.645 at 10 % significance level. Therefore, the null hypothesis of the test is accepted as the p-value is greater than given level of significance 10 percent. A confidence interval has been calculated for the proportion of people as well. The confidence interval has been calculated by the following formula: I = ( p 1.645* S.E (p) , p + 1.645 * S.E (p)) The confidence interval has been calculated to be (0.31038032, 1.402575). This implies that the value of the proportion is expected to lie within this interval. Section 7: Conclusion and recommendation: The report gives an idea about the customer service in a gym. The gym has proposed a new change to bring about the efficiency in the customers. A new fitness trainer has been introduced in the gym. The study suggest that majority of customers are in support of the proposed change. The recommendations that follow from the test are: Therefore, it is recommended from the study that the gym should bring about the proposed change to increase its customers. With the help of the proposed change, the gym can increase customer satisfaction and increase customer loyalty. The customers has also voted in favor of the change. The fitted regression model is not very good as is explained by the adjusted R-squared. This may be due to the insufficient sample or improper sampling techniques. Therefore, a proper sample should be used for the study. References: Makover, B. (2016). Examining the employee-customer chain in the fitness industry. Polyakova, O., Mirza, M. T. (2016). Service quality models in the context of the fitness industry.Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal,6(3). Wu, L. C., Shih, I. (2014). The product development process of an enterprise from an SSME perspective.Service Business,8(1), 29-50.

Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

Twelfth Night Essay Today many people think of Twelfth Night as a time to put decorations away and check there are no more pine needles in the carpets. Some people enjoy taking their energetic children to see a pleasant pantomime and let their favourite fairy-tales be performed in front of their eyes. However in Elizabethan times the twelve days following Christmas were a time for a mixture of emotions; disguise, madness and boisterous frivolity. So common sense and sanity were not part of these twelve days after Christmas. As these were days when a topsy-turvy festive world of fools and confusion was created as people swapped roles e.g. masters become servants and servants had control of their masters. It was a time of excitement for everyone. But sadly it was a momentary pleasure for as soon as the sixth of January came round times went back to normal. We will write a custom essay on Twelfth Night specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Twelfth Night has elements from mummers plays dating back as far as the thirteenth century and even has elements the same as todays pantomimes. The elements included are cross-dressing, bawdy humour and daft slapstick sword fights. Traditionally in mummers plays there are men dressing as women e.g. dames and this is also present in pantomimes. Twelfth Night also has this humorous factor as Viola cross-dresses as Cesario. Similarly all three types of plays have some kind of amusing fight like the pleasing half hearted sword fight between Cesario and the pathetic Sir Andrew in Twelfth Night. Even though the fights arent real or serious they capture the audiences attention and spirit. Mummers plays and pantomimes also include this fun aspect. There is a huge amount of suspension of belief in Twelfth Night as the audience will be wondering how no one could see that Cesario was a women not a man! In modern day soaps today like Eastenders so many things happen to so few people it is unbelievable yet, whilst watching the audience is drawn into believing what they are seeing. This same aspect is used in Twelfth Night. The time it takes characters in Twelfth Night to fall in and out of love is incredible two examples of this are Orsino to Viola and Olivia to Cesario. Cesario, by the roses of the spring, By maidenhood, honour, truth and everything, I love thee so that maugre all my pride, Nor wit nor reason can my passion hide. Act 3 Scene 1 Line 148. It is unrealistically fast. It is obviously Shakespeare didnt want the play to be taken seriously just the name of it gave the fact it was serious away as he named it Twelfth Night or What you will. Even the dialog states that the things arent real such as when Viola/Cesario says I am not what I am. Act 3 Scene 1 Line 126. Blatantly proving she is dressed as a man. Just as in mummers plays and pantomimes the whole play is centred on the suspension of disbelief particularly about how everyone knows the males and females have cross-dressed. The scenario in Twelfth Night where Sir Toby Belch and Maria put a fake love letter down for Malvolio to find is rather far-fetched. For instance why would Olivia have left the letter there, on the path in the first place? Anyone could have picked it up it was just pure coincidence that Malvolio happened to walk by and pick it up this is one of the un-credible storylines in this play. But today in modern times plays are full of un-credible storylines these are there purely and simply for entertainment. So in truth it doesnt need to be realistic. Orsino shows extreme infatuation for Olivia which he deems to be love. This is show when he says, .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 , .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .postImageUrl , .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 , .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:hover , .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:visited , .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:active { border:0!important; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:active , .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1 .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u88ecb1cde7496c9e06256fec43232ed1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gabriel Oak EssayO when mine eyes did see Olivia first, Methought she purged the air of pestilence. This was in Act 1 Scene 1 Line 19-20. But what proves it isnt true love is the fact he sends a messenger (Cesario) in his place to tell Olivia of his love for her. This would make the audience consider his true feelings for Olivia because if he truly did love her hed go himself. What is credible in the play is the feelings and the emotions characters show. Since some people may mistake infatuation with love. But one feeling which is particularly credible is Olivias falling for Cesario/Viola. Also Malvolios mixed emotion of greed and love for Olivia, I will smile, I will do everything that thou wilt have me. From Act 2 Scene 5 Line 47. Sir Andrew like Malvolio shows that hope and greed can blind one from reality, since they are both hopeful of becoming Olivias husband. Malvolio, simply for the money and Sir Andrew because of his love for Olivia. It also represents Sir Andrews human side when he hints at a little comedown, I was adored once too, Act 2 Scene 3 Line 153. It shows he isnt really a prankster like Toby Belch but a man in search of the true love he yearns. Malvolio seems to be a puritan but shows he isnt true to his faith, when he doesnt wear all black to impress Olivia in his bright yellow stockings. This flaw in his faith shows he has a humane side, and so does the section where he is enraged at losing his dignity and being tricked. Ill be revenged on the whole pack of you! Act 5 Scene 1 Line 371. Twelfth Night does lack credibility as Samuel Johnson criticised but this is purely and simply because Shakespeare had never meant the play to be real and credible but funny. It doesnt present a true picture of life as it was funny and not serious; it is clearly like a pantomime. It was made with the sole purpose of being entertaining. However it does have the real human feelings and emotions that people feel in real life.

Course Reflection Example

Course Reflection Example Course Reflection – Coursework Example Reflection This on nursing theories was a handful as it was particularly informative and interactive. Notably, thiscourse offered me a theoretical foundation for practicing nursing. I learnt that theories delineates and augments nursing practice and that it focusses on matters imperative to offering care (Basavanthappa, 2007Through this course, I learnt that theory is a systematic and creative way of viewing the world and its facets in order to describe or control it (McEwen grand theories, middle range theories, and borrowed theories (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Through this course, I can apply nursing theories to my Home Health Care and Dialysis Nursing practice. I will use nursing theories to evaluate the patient’s conditions and identify the distinct needs of the patient through Watson’s theory of caring (Kozier et al., 2004). I will also employ this theory to create effective relations with the patient and assess the degree to which the nursing process was successful. Before joining the course, I did not have many thoughts about the existence of theory and application of theory to solve nursing issues. For instance, I initially did not understand that there are various facets that need to be taken into account before administering self-care in patients. It is after this course that I learnt nurses have to evaluate the patient’s motivation and ability to perform self-care (McEwen & Wills, 2014).ReferencesBasavanthappa,  B.  T. (2007). Nursing theories. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers. Kim,  H.  S., & Kollak,  I. (2006).Nursing theories: Conceptual & philosophical foundations. New York, NY: Springer Pub. Co.Kozier, B., Erb, G., Berman, A., & Synder, S., (2004). Fundamentals of nursing: Concepts, process and practice. New Jersey:Pearson Education.McEwen, M., & Wills, E. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Similarities in the General Human Resource Practices Article

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